Question 1

Compression fractures of vertebral bodies seen in elderly women are causally related to reduced recruitment of osteoclasts. This process is associated with an increased concentration of which chemical mediators in the bone?

Accepted Answer

A)   Prostaglandins
B)   Leukotrienes
C)   Cytokines such as interleukin (IL) -1 and IL-6
D)   Oncogenes such as c-MYC and K-RAS
E)   Fibroblast growth factorsF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 2

Which of the following muscle diseases is classified as an ion channel myopathy (channelopathy) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   Dysferlin deficiency
B)   Becker muscular dystrophy
C)   Malignant hyperpyrexia
D)   Central core disease
E)   Myotubular myopathyF) B) and C)
G) A) and E) C

Question 3

A 20-year-old man is being treated for a soft tissue tumor of the lower extremity. The tumor is composed of malignant spindle-shaped cells and epithelial cells that form gland-like structures. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Leiomyosarcoma
B)   Malignant fibrous histiocytoma
C)   Primitive neuroectodermal tumor
D)   Synovial sarcoma
E)   RhabdomyosarcomaF) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 4

The primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET)  of soft tissues has the same histologic features and the same chromosomal translocation as which of the following bone tumors?

Accepted Answer

A)   Osteosarcoma
B)   Chondrosarcoma
C)   Ewing sarcoma
D)   Malignant fibrous histiocytoma
E)   Giant cell tumor of bonesF) All of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 5

Loss of heterozygosity, structural rearrangements, or point mutations of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene (RB)  are found in 60%-70% of all sporadic bone tumors. Which of the following is the best classification for this tumor?

Accepted Answer

A)   Osteosarcoma
B)   Osteoblastoma
C)   Osteoid osteoma
D)   Chondrosarcoma
E)   Ewing sarcomaF) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 6

Osteoid osteoma is a small benign bone tumor associated with pain that is disproportionate to the size of the lesion. This pain is caused by an excess of which of the following substances?

Accepted Answer

A)   Interleukin (IL) -1 and IL-6
B)   Leukotrienes
C)   Prostaglandin E2
D)   Complement C3
E)   BradykininF) A) and B)
G) B) and C) C

Question 7

Trinucleotide CTG repeat expansion plays a role in the pathogenesis of which of the following muscle diseases?

Accepted Answer

A)   Duchenne muscular dystrophy
B)   Becker muscular dystrophy
C)   Autosomal dominant limb girdle muscular dystrophy
D)   Autosomal recessive limb girdle muscular dystrophy
E)   Myotonic dystrophyF) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 8

The autosomal dominant bone disorder caused by a mutation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3)  is characterized by short stature, rhizomelic shortening of limbs, frontal bossing of the skull, and midface abnormalities. Which of the following disorders is described by these characteristics?

Accepted Answer

A)   Achondrogenesis
B)   Achondroplasia
C)   Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia
D)   Synpolydactyly
E)   Holt-Oram syndromeF) D) and E)
G) B) and D) B

Exam 20: Bones, Joints, and Soft Tissue Tumors

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following muscle diseases is classified as an ion channel myopathy (channelopathy) ?

Correct Answer
verified
C

A 20-year-old man is being treated for a soft tissue tumor of the lower extremity. The tumor is composed of malignant spindle-shaped cells and epithelial cells that form gland-like structures. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Correct Answer
verified

The primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) of soft tissues has the same histologic features and the same chromosomal translocation as which of the following bone tumors?

Correct Answer
verified

Loss of heterozygosity, structural rearrangements, or point mutations of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene (RB) are found in 60%-70% of all sporadic bone tumors. Which of the following is the best classification for this tumor?

Correct Answer
verified

Osteoid osteoma is a small benign bone tumor associated with pain that is disproportionate to the size of the lesion. This pain is caused by an excess of which of the following substances?

Correct Answer
verified
C

Trinucleotide CTG repeat expansion plays a role in the pathogenesis of which of the following muscle diseases?

Correct Answer
verified

The autosomal dominant bone disorder caused by a mutation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) is characterized by short stature, rhizomelic shortening of limbs, frontal bossing of the skull, and midface abnormalities. Which of the following disorders is described by these characteristics?

Correct Answer
verified
B

Exam 20: Bones, Joints, and Soft Tissue Tumors

Compression fractures of vertebral bodies seen in elderly women are causally related to reduced recruitment of osteoclasts. This process is associated with an increased concentration of which chemical mediators in the bone?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following muscle diseases is classified as an ion channel myopathy (channelopathy) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

A 20-year-old man is being treated for a soft tissue tumor of the lower extremity. The tumor is composed of malignant spindle-shaped cells and epithelial cells that form gland-like structures. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) of soft tissues has the same histologic features and the same chromosomal translocation as which of the following bone tumors?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Loss of heterozygosity, structural rearrangements, or point mutations of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene (RB) are found in 60%-70% of all sporadic bone tumors. Which of the following is the best classification for this tumor?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Osteoid osteoma is a small benign bone tumor associated with pain that is disproportionate to the size of the lesion. This pain is caused by an excess of which of the following substances?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Trinucleotide CTG repeat expansion plays a role in the pathogenesis of which of the following muscle diseases?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
C

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
C

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
B